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Vanislander / What's Up / History of the Nanaimo Bar: From 1950s Kitchen to Modern Craze

History of the Nanaimo Bar: From 1950s Kitchen to Modern Craze

Nanaimo bars are not just a tasty treat – they’re a Canadian dessert icon with a story as rich and layered as the bar itself. On the surface it looks like a fancy fudge, but dig in and you’ll find a coconut-graham crumb base, a vanilla custard middle, and a chocolate top. This no-bake bar dessert, named for Nanaimo on Vancouver Island, BC, dates back to the 1950s and has since captured the sweet tooth of the nation. Today, travelers and foodies flock to Vancouver Island not only for its scenery but also to sample the best Nanaimo bars – from classic bakery versions to bold new twists.

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From the very first bite, the Nanaimo Bar’s layers reveal why it’s become a beloved treat. It famously requires no oven time – just press the chocolate-coconut base, whisk up a buttery custard icing, and pour on melted chocolate. (Some purists insist that only Bird’s Custard Powder – once a British Empire staple – gives the authentic yellow filling.) Whether enjoyed with morning coffee or as an after-dinner dessert, the Nanaimo Bar dessert is rich, sweet, and utterly Canadian.

The Sweet Origin Story

Believe it or not, the exact origin of the Nanaimo Bar is a mystery wrapped in chocolate (or so locals will tell you). What we do know is that the earliest confirmed recipes date to the early 1950s on Vancouver Island. In 1952 a Nanaimo Women’s Auxiliary cookbook printed a “Chocolate Square” recipe (with the same three layers) – the first known printed precursor to today’s bar. A year later, Vancouver newspaper editor Edith Adams published the recipe under the name “Nanaimo Bar”. (Prior to that it went by names like “London Fog Bar” and “smog bar” in various home cookbooks.) By the late 1950s the Nanaimo Bar had become part of local lore and even appeared in community cookbooks in Nanaimo itself.
The City of Nanaimo leans into this legend today, coyly noting that if the treat hadn’t been invented there, it might as well have been called the “New York Bar” or “New Brunswick Bar”. Many of the very first original recipes are still on display in Nanaimo’s local museum – a testament to the bars’ hometown pride. In fact, city records recall that in 1986 Mayor Graeme Roberts launched a town-wide contest to find Nanaimo’s ultimate bar recipe. Over 100 entries poured in, and Joyce Hardcastle’s creation was unanimously declared the official Nanaimo Bar recipe. (That recipe – passed down through local bakers – is still published on the city’s website, and many cafes stick close to it.)
Over the years there have been whispers of even earlier roots: some claim coal miners took “chocolate fridge cake” bars to work in the 1930s, or that traveling sailors carried something similar across oceans. While the true origin story may never be fully proved, one thing is clear: Nanaimo put this dessert on the map, and Canadians wouldn’t have it any other way.

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A Canadian Dessert Icon

What started as a regional recipe soon became a point of national pride. By the 1970s and 80s, Nanaimo Bars were popping up at every BC ferry terminal, in deli cases across Vancouver Island, and eventually in kitchens country-wide. When Expo ’86 brought the world to Vancouver, the Nanaimo Bar was showcased as a classic Canadian confection – and suddenly “the best Nanaimo Bar” was a quest for visitors everywhere. In 1987 Canada Post even featured a Nanaimo Bar on a commemorative stamp for its “Sweet Canada” dessert series (though the stamp’s modern twist sparked lively debate among purists!). And in 2016 Nanaimo Bars took centre stage at a Washington, D.C. state dinner honoring Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, served alongside other Canadian specialties on plates inspired by the Rockies.
Back on Vancouver Island, the Nanaimo Bar craze continues to grow. In fact, in May 2025 students at Vancouver Island University created a record-breaking 70-foot (21 m) Nanaimo Bar that weighed over 1,200 pounds (544 kg)– drawing thousands of local residents to watch it unwrapped and taste history. The mayor of Nanaimo proudly declared May 17 “Nanaimo Bar Day” during the celebration, cheekily noting, “It is not the Victoria bar, it is not the Saskatoon bar… it is the Nanaimo bar”. Through cookbooks, TV shows (even a MasterChef Canada challenge), and endless Instagram photos, the Nanaimo Bar has cemented itself as Canada’s own favorite sweet.

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Delicious Variations and Vegan Treats

Although the classic three-layer Nanaimo Bar is always a hit, creative chefs have dreamed up endless variations – making it fun to try new flavours on the island. You’ll find peanut-butter Nanaimo Bars, salted caramel and maple-bacon versions that add new twists to the base recipe. Some bakeries even serve Nanaimo Bar-inspired cakes, martinis or cupcakes! On Gabriola Island, Smokin’ George’s famously alternates maple-bacon topped bars with dulce-de-leche bars, while Bocca Cafe on Fitzwilliam Street offers salted caramel and gluten-free Nanaimo Bars alongside the traditional square. (One local travel blogger praised Bocca’s take, calling it one of the most irresistible bars she’d tried.)
For special diets, Nanaimo Bars are far from off-limits. Health-conscious shops on the trail offer organic, vegan and gluten-free versions of the dessert. For example, White Rabbit Coffee Co. in downtown Nanaimo has a vegan-and-gluten-free bar, and Mon Petit Choux (a French bakery) serves wheat-free Nanaimo squares. Even a nut-free (almond-free) recipe is available at Nellie’s European Deli. Whether you’re dairy-free, plant-based or just adventurous, there’s a Nanaimo Bar made just for you.
At the heart of every variation is the same satisfying structure: a crunchy coconut-graham base, a buttery yellow-custard layer, and a chocolate shell. (Hardcore purists insist the filling must be made with Bird’s Custard Powder to be authentic.) But modern bakers have embraced customization. The result? Bars drizzled with Nutella, topped with espresso beans, or stuffed between layers of cheesecake. Some even go fully extreme – yes, you read that right, there are deep-fried Nanaimo Bars at local food shacks! Every bite shows the island’s creative spirit: no two Nanaimo Bars have to be exactly the same.

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Where to Indulge on Vancouver Island

Finding great Nanaimo Bars is almost as much fun as eating them. Vancouver Island has so many hotspots that Tourism Nanaimo even created a Nanaimo Bar Trail: a self-guided tour through dozens of cafés and bakeries each offering their take on the classic bar. Many travelers start in Nanaimo itself – after all, it’s the birthplace! – where you can compare sixteen+ spots in one afternoon if you’re on a mission.
Top stops include:

A Wee Cupcakery (Nanaimo Old City Quarter)

Famous for its Nanaimo Bar cupcake and other sweets

Serious Coffee (Nanaimo)

The local coffee chain (with shops downtown and at Northfield) serves the classic bar alongside a great dark roast

Bocca Cafe (Nanaimo Old City Quarter)

A cozy cafe known for gluten-free and salted-caramel Nanaimo Bars

Hearthstone Artisan Bakery (Lantzville/Nanaimo)

An upscale bakery (wood-fired pizzas too) whose custard-bar was described as “just right,” and who also makes a peanut-butter variant

Red’s Bakery (Nanaimo Downtown)

A classic spot with traditional bars and a popular peanut-butter version

Nellie’s European Deli (Nanaimo Rock City)

Offering gluten- and nut-free Nanaimo Bars for those with allergies
These are just a few examples; the full list includes old favorites and quirky new takes (even Nanaimo Bar ice cream and cocktails). Even travelers passing through on a ferry or road trip can’t miss them: many coffee shops across the Island carry bars, and BC Ferries gift shops often sell Nanaimo Bars or mixes to take home. As one visitor quipped, “These bars are everywhere you look – and in good ways!”.
Beyond Nanaimo city, you’ll find locals devouring them too. In Victoria, the Dutch Bakery and Ruth & Dean are often praised for their versions, and in small towns like Parksville or Tofino you’ll usually find a café special called a “Nanaimo Bar cheesecake” or similar. Essentially, ask for a Nanaimo Bar anywhere on Vancouver Island and you’ll likely get a smile – it’s that well-known here. Locals even joke that “if you don’t think it came from Nanaimo, it’s not a real Nanaimo Bar!”.

Join the Nanaimo Bar Craze!

Whether you call it a Nanaimo Bar or a chocolate-square, there’s no denying this dessert’s charm. Next time you’re exploring Vancouver Island – from the laid-back ferry ride to Nanaimo, to enjoying a forest trail near Cumberland – plan a culinary side-trip for Nanaimo Bars. Make it part of your food-tourism itinerary: follow the Nanaimo Bar Trail brochure from the Visitor Centre, pop into a local café for a taste, and compare who really makes the best ever Nanaimo Bar in town. It’s a delicious adventure that every international and Canadian traveller can enjoy.
So book your trip, bring your sweet tooth, and taste a piece of history. After all, as Nanaimo’s mayor declared at the 2025 record bar unveiling, “it’s only right and proper” that we celebrate our famous dessert. Share your own Nanaimo Bar moment, and you’ll understand why this creamy, chocolatey treat has become Canada’s favourite confection.
Craving more travel tips? Don’t forget to explore other Vancouver Island specialties and hidden gems, and remember – life’s sweeter with a Nanaimo Bar in hand.

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Ian Justin Howatt

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April 7, 1981 - August 11, 2025 In loving memory ~ Ian was taken from us much too soon in a tragic vehicle accident. Ian is survived by his wife Jamie, Father Gord, sister Leah (Mark), and neices Alyssa and Hailey. A Celebration of Life will be held on September 13, 2025 at 1pm at Yates Funeral Home in Parksville. SERVICE DETAILS Celebration of Life Saturday, September 13, 2025 1:00 PM Yates Funeral Home, Parksville

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Speaker in Nanaimo looks at community solutions to global challenges

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Habitat for Humanity teams with building material exchange to expand ReStore

A new partnership will enable Habitat for Humanity's Nanaimo ReStore to broaden its services. Habitat for Humanity Mid-Vancouver Island is teaming with Light House and its building material exchange program as well as the Regional District of Nanaimo to expand its environmentally conscious second-hand store on Mostar Road. The move is expected to streamline store operations, making it "easier for contractors, trades, and suppliers to donate used or excess construction materials," a press release stated, assisting diversion of waste from the Cedar landfill and putting items "back into circulation for homeowners, do-it-yourselfers and community builders." Light House, which has a goal to further "regenerative built environments," hopes the expansion will help build a circular economy for building materials on Vancouver Island. Gil Yaron, Light House managing director of circular innovation, said tonnes of building materials are dumped at Vancouver Island landfills and while the construction industry want to lessen this, there isn't always "space or resources." "The new expanded ReStore makes reuse practical, accessible, and scalable," he said in the press release. "Industry and the public now have access to a centralized location on Vancouver Island to donate and shop for quality construction materials at a fraction of the cost of buying new.” The ReStore will initiate a weekly pickup service to collect excess and leftover materials directly from construction sites across the region, the press release stated, and is aimed at making donation easy and predictable for busy contractors and trades workers. On-demand pickup will also be available. In addition, the building material exchange will offer a free online "business-to-business platform" allowing those in the construction industry to detail or seek re-sourced or excess construction items from across central Vancouver Island. The partnership will be beneficial to ReStore customers, said Trevor Coyle, Habitat Mid-Vancouver Island CEO, in the press release.  “With this expansion, we’re going to be able to support even more families – they will have access to donated construction materials at affordable prices, which will help build their future," he said. "The ongoing operation will also support long-term diversion goals for the construction sector and the creation of a circular economy on Vancouver Island.” 

BC Ferries crew rescues person overboard on vessel bound for Greater Victoria

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No injuries as vehicle rolls upside-down in crash on Hammond Bay Road in Nanaimo

No injuries as vehicle rolls upside-down in crash on Hammond Bay Road in Nanaimo

No one was hurt in a rollover crash on Nanaimo's Hammond Bay Road this afternoon. Emergency services personnel rushed to the intersection of Hammond Bay Road and Friar Tuck Way on Wednesday, Sept. 3, just before 5 p.m., and arrived to find a vehicle upside-down on the roadway. No other vehicles were involved and crews on scene said no one was injured in the crash. Traffic was pinched to one lane as crews cleared the scene. According to recently released ICBC statistics, there were two crashes at the intersection in 2024 and 10 over the five-year period from 2020-24.

International Jazz Festival expands to three weekends in Nanaimo

International Jazz Festival expands to three weekends in Nanaimo

Jazzophiles and musicaholics can groove to three weekends worth of funky beats as Nanaimo’s International Jazz Festival kicks off. President of the jazz society, Kim Smythe, said the longer program will be chock-full of musicians local to Vancouver Island and B.C. The festival will host 16 performances, including two-days of free open-air concerts at Maffeo Sutton Park. The headlining act with feature renowned jazz singer Holly Cole at the Port Theatre on Sept. 13.  “We’re really looking forward to having Holly,” Smythe said. “This is the first time that we’ve ventured out to get an international and highly recognized performer in hopes of having that bright shining star in the middle of our program.” While the festival has been traditional jazz in the past, Smythe said, this year’s all-Canadian lineup will also feature “a bit of funk, rap and pop” blended with traditional jazz. Several musicians who might normally perform solo, or with a smaller ensemble, have brought friends into the mix for a bigger show and bigger sound, he said. The Graham Villette Quintet and Nick La Riviere Quartet will play the Lighthouse Bistro on Saturday, Sept. 6, and Thursday, Sept. 11, respectively.  Stealing Dan, a tribute act to the rock band Steely Dan, will play the Queen's Hotel, followed by a festival first – the Drag Jazz Cabaret starring Josh Holloway as 'Celeste’ at the Nanaimo Bar, both on Sept. 12. The Waterfront Walkway Parade will kick off the outdoor performances on Sept. 13 as it marches from the Port Theatre at 11 a.m. to the Maffeo Sutton Park stage. Following musical acts at the park that day include the New Groovement and Keanu Ienco Quartet, with Alpha Centauri and Marc Atkinson among those performing Sept. 14. The NIJFA Jazz Jam hosted by Nico Rhodes will follow Holly Cole’s performance on Sept. 13 at the Vault Café. The Roy Styffe Quintet will close the International Jazz Festival with a performance at Simonholt Restaurant on Sept. 21. In his new position as president, Smythe said organizing the festival was an overall fun challenge and interesting experience. He believes the chosen acts will make a statement about the organization as it moves forward.  He envisions the society not only developing the Vancouver Island jazz scene by ideally bringing in and building touring acts with other jazz societies, but also filling the gap of jazz education and exposure for students and emerging artists. More information about the festival can be found online at www.nanaimojazzfest.ca [http://www.nanaimojazzfest.ca].

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2025 June 10
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